A Growing Challenge
Every day, 250 Australians are diagnosed with dementia, and two-thirds of these cases are Alzheimer’s disease. This brain condition makes it hard for people to think, remember, and live independently. It also costs Australia $15 billion each year, and this number could rise to $26 billion by 2036 if nothing changes. But researchers at Alzheimer’s Research Australia (ARA) are working hard to find better ways to diagnose, treat, and prevent this disease.
A Big Step Forward: Donanemab Approval
In a historic moment, Australia’s Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) has approved a new drug called donanemab (sold as Kisunla). It’s the first new Alzheimer’s drug approved in Australia in over 20 years. Donanemab works by targeting amyloid plaques in the brain, which are linked to Alzheimer’s. Studies show it can slow memory and thinking problems by about 30% in people diagnosed early.
“This is a game-changer,” said Professor Ralph Martins, Director of Research at ARA. “We’re not just treating symptoms anymore—we’re slowing the disease itself.”
However, the drug is expensive, costing over $80,000 per patient. It’s not yet covered by Medicare or the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, so only some people can afford it. Still, this approval shows that Alzheimer’s treatment is moving toward early diagnosis and better care.
Why Early Diagnosis Matters
Catching Alzheimer’s early is key to better treatment. In the past, many thought there was no point in diagnosing Alzheimer’s because there were no good treatments. “That’s not true anymore,” Professor Martins said. “The earlier we find it, the better we can help.”
ARA’s team of 90 researchers, including top scientists and students, is working at modern labs to unlock the brain’s secrets. One exciting project is a blood test that could spot Alzheimer’s years before symptoms start. Dr. Prita Asih, a researcher at ARA, spent five months in Sweden learning about advanced blood testing. She found promising antibodies that could make this test a reality soon.
Another project, led by Dr. Eugene Hone, looks at the eyes to find early signs of Alzheimer’s. Using special imaging, researchers can see changes in the retina that might show the disease. “It’s not as advanced as the blood test yet, but it’s very exciting,” Professor Martins said.
Prevention: A Powerful Tool
While new drugs like donanemab are important, prevention is just as crucial. Research shows that 50% of Alzheimer’s cases could be prevented with healthy lifestyle choices. These include:
- Eating well: A balanced diet with fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
- Staying active: Regular exercise like walking or swimming.
- Brain training: Puzzles, reading, or learning new skills.
- Good sleep: Rest helps keep the brain healthy.
Associate Professor Stephanie Rainey-Smith at ARA is studying how sleep, diet, and exercise can slow or stop Alzheimer’s. “Lifestyle matters, even for people at higher risk,” Professor Martins said. “Fifteen years ago, people didn’t believe this. Now, it’s a global focus, and Australia is leading the way.”
Economic and Social Impact
Alzheimer’s doesn’t just affect patients—it impacts families and the economy. Many caregivers, often family members, have to quit jobs or work less to care for loved ones. If treatments like donanemab help people stay independent longer, caregivers could stay in the workforce. This could save billions of dollars and help thousands of families.
The rollout of donanemab may also create new jobs in healthcare. More doctors, nurses, and imaging experts will be needed to give the drug and monitor patients. This could boost Australia’s health sector.
Looking to the Future
Australia is becoming a global leader in Alzheimer’s research. With new drugs, better tests, and a focus on prevention, there’s hope for a future where Alzheimer’s is less common. ARA’s work is bringing us closer to that goal.
“We’re unlocking the brain’s secrets,” Professor Martins said. “With early diagnosis and healthy lifestyles, we can reduce Alzheimer’s cases and improve lives.”
To support this work, businesses and individuals can partner with ARA. For more details, email corporate@alzheimersresearch.org.au. Together, we can build a future free from Alzheimer’s.